Northernlands 2 - In conversation...
Description
Questions and answers about open data projects at the Department for Transport
Transcript
This transcript comes from the captions associated with the video above. It is "as spoken".
Hi everyone. Welcome to Northernlands 2 and our Mobility in
Modern Cities sessions. My name's Paul Connell I'm founder of ODI
Leeds and I'd like to introduce you to Giuseppe Sallazzo at DfT
Tom Forth from ODI Leeds and Lily Dart of FutureGov
Hi thanks everyone. My name is Lily Dart I am the
experience director for Future Gov. So more broadly I'm
responsible for our client and employee experience but I also
have a background in front end web development so although
I've been a designer for about 17 years now, about half of that
I was writing code and as a result I also lead on some of
our more technical projects.
Thank you, Giuseppe tells about
yourself. Hi there. I'm Giuseppe Sallazzo. I head the data unit of
DfT which is a central data team trying to basically help
DfT on all the work streams were doing with data. I have a
background in technology and slightly as sideways as an open
data activist. I used to be nicknamed the open data rottweiler
I'm still trying to be a bit like that, but I'm a civil servant.
That's me.
Tom, over to you. Hello, I'm Tom Forth I am the head of data
at the Open Data Institute Leeds On transport specifically, I've
done a lot of work on bus fares,
train timetables, and cycling routes. All the fun stuff.
Well, transport's been really important to open data right
from the start and also for ODI Leeds it's been I think
one of our
key things we want to work on. And although flying cars and
autonomous vehicles are coming and they're going to save the
world, we love buses. That's why Tom has been working on buses and
bikes. Well, this is a quick discussion
about how we've all been working on different aspects of the UK's
transport data infrastructure and how that's going to
help change things. And I'm going to talk about some of the
things are happening now and in the future, and what we might
think what's going to happen next. So Giuseppe, you look
after data at the DfT.
What's happening now? What's gonna happen next? What do you
think is going to happen next?
So that's not to say we are in the middle of a pandemic, and
before that we had a few things to deal with, including EU
exit, for example, which is still an ongoing issue. I would say that,
DfT took a very interesting choice to develop a
central function for data, and we've been working on a number
of things that range from better policy making with data to
supporting analysis, data engineering, and engagement with
the external world. So some of you might know we were working
and we're still working on transport data strategy,
something we started half way through last year. We're still
working on that, but with the emergency that sort of changed
our priorities. We also have to work on different things. One
key element, I think even the pandemic has highlighted is
actually for me personally the discoverability and some of the
projects we've been working on in that space including what
we've been working with Lily.
So just data discoverability. Does that mean putting
it on the web?
Well, sometimes it is like that, but it's also to encourage
better data sharing, better framework for...
as much as I'm a big fan of open data is not just about open
data, it's also about making people aware that data exists
sometimes. Yeah. That data might be you know, I would say
encouraged to be shared under certain conditions. I fully
appreciate that that sometimes, especially private entities
might have commercial sensitivities in their data
sharing, so it's about how do we develop our thinking around the
rules, the framework, the values that we need to comply with to
support finding data.
Perfect so that leads into you Lily you been working on the
project with DfT. Would like to tell us about it?
Yeah no, I'd love to. So we've been looking into how we can
provide a national access point initially for road transport
data and then hopefully to take over all transport data in the
future. And to do that, we've taken an agile and user centered
approach to the project. So we did both in central
government terms we did both the discovery in and out first,
so the discovery was really about understanding the problem
and framing it properly. Doing research to understand the users
of the service and what they
need. And Alpha was about trying those things out. So what we've
learned, how can we prototype that and test that with people?
And it's going really well. I think you know, on top of the
data discoverability and bits that Giuseppe has been
talking about, which absolutely is the key priority. Some of the
more interesting things that we found out we're really about the
variety of users that we are potentially serving with this
new service. And it really... when we talk about data
we often think about it in quite technical terms, but actually
there's a really wide range of people going from people who can
only use spreadsheets all the way up to people who are
confident in APIs and data models. And actually for a
service like this to be successful, we need to serve all
of those people and help to upskill some of the people at
the bottom end of the skills to move them further up to the
middle. And that's partially because they're providing the
data, and so if they don't have the skills to provide good
quality data then it might be visible to other data users but
not usable. And it's partially
because actually we make decisions with data and making
sure that people understand data sufficiently enough to
make decisions is really important. And so when we move
on to the next phase of the service, that will be very
much about actually, what are the specific pieces of support
that we need to put around this to make sure the less
skilled technical data users are able to do their jobs
effectively?
Fantastic. OK this is all brilliant and as you know
it's ODI Leeds and sometimes we become, we can be a little bit,
we have an opinion I guess
So Tom, data is sometimes
political. How do you think transport and data impacts our
cities now and in the future, and how they might be run?
I think transport is one of the
main features of a city. Without transport you can't have a city
basically. Once you can't walk everywhere, which happens when
you city becomes bigger than a small town, you need some form
of transport other than walking to get around. I think the
politics of transport is really interesting at the moment. I was
watching, last week, France elected all of its new mayors
and in almost every city they elected a Green Party mayor.
Which is the first time that's ever happened and a lot of what
they're talking about is cycling, walking and not
traveling. And I think the biggest change we're going to
have in transport data in the coming five years is that we are
going to talk a lot more about not traveling, which I think is
very exciting. One of the things that's quite interesting.
Is that we don't actually have a lot of data on not
traveling. We know when people get on a bus and we know when
people get on a train and we know when there are queues and
traffic jams and parking spaces are filled. But we don't know a
huge amount about when people choose not to travel. Or maybe
when they choose to walk 5 minutes or when they choose to
cycle 10 minutes. So at the moment we've got these new ideas
that I think quite a lot of people agree that that's a nicer
way to live, but we don't have the data to inform what we
should do about it. So I think in the next five years politics
is going to start looking at
not just fixing the current modes of transport, so in Leeds
that's making sure you can know when the bus timetable is. Use
something like an Oyster card or a debit card to tap onto the bus
and pay and go wherever you like get on a train and the payment still
works. I think we need to sort that out in the next two or three
years, but in the same time we need to understand much more
about how we can travel less or travel in the ways we want
to. Walk. Cycle. Not travel at all if we don't want.
So that brings me into what's gonna happen next
And at ODI Leeds our experience with the pandemic has
been and you might have the same Giuseppe is that we get rung up
every week almost - people saying we must have the
data and Tom just mentioned it there not traveling.
The expectation is that we have it in a plastic bag under our desk.
The data specifically required to answer the question that
someone else has at that moment is available via us.
I think working, you know, looking at the new normal, what
sort of? We've got some ideas about how you access and make the
data infrastructure available, which we will talk about being
radically open, so sharing your thoughts on a blog, a story
blog, sharing a technical blog and then understanding what
data can be shared and what shouldn't be shared and what can
be open. What's really interesting for us at the moment
is the shared data piece, because everyone wants to
collaborate and fix the problem. Whatever the problem might be.
But then when you say OK, great have we got some data we can
share it,'s "I'm not sure".
And could you tell us which data you specifically want
at this specific moment in time to answer the question that you
have? We daid "we don't know. We don't know what data you've
got, so how can we know if it answers the question or not?"
So we end up in this mad
merry-go-round but if people were a little bit more open,
we might be able to find a way forward, so I'm not
going to... who would like to jump in first there about, you
know the data infrastructure that we set up next.
Well, if you can say one thing the pandemic has made people
on both sides of the spectrum, you know maximum openness to
maximum commercial, coalesce around. OK we have a problem. We
need to address that problem to address the problem we need data.
We need curated data. We need to
be careful because sometimes the data might be available, but
might not be available in the right form. It might be not
accurate enough, or maybe just partially available or be
just inferred data. We need
authoritative data. So 2 examples I've come across recently were
about cycling lanes, and payment data. So in different problems,
cycling lanes, councils were basically switching cycle lanes
I think from advisory to mandatory and
someone told me that you should be able to measure this and why
don't you use things like open street map to measure this?
Well, it turns out that there is an infrastructure - a feature -
in Open Street Map that you can use for that, but that's not
widely populated. And there's no mechanism to get that data
either from an authoritative process. So the question is,
what's the best way to get that data if we need it. Similar issue
around payment data, there's been a lot of talking around
pavements in London are too narrow for social distancing.
Can we actually measure that? Well, it turns out that we can't
quite measure it because there is no effective measure of the
width of pavement. There's a variety of sources of UCL's
been using the Ordnance Survey data to try and infer the
width of the pavement, but at the same time, how
sure can we be and there's never been like a benchmarking of
the results of that. So I think the important aspect here is
understanding which problem we want to solve. Try to curate
the data so that we know where to tap into. Yeah, that's
fascinating that we've got. We've got a resource like
Openstreetmap which anyone can contribute to, and I know
because I used to work for an engineering consultancy that
there will be as built drawings and data, having all
of that infrastructure that will
be in a cupboard somewhere in and someone's office. And
if we had a clause in all of those contracts, which says you
must upload your as built drawings to Openstreetmap, we
would all of the asset and it would take no extra effort
whatsoever. It would take just to move forward and
some of the other things we're talking about funding teams to answer
these questions rather than funding projects.
That challenge... as soon as you get people from across
talking to each other. They said. Of course, we should set
the team and the outputs get shared and but how do we do that
is really really hard, especially in the culture we
have, which demands outputs and projects and procurement. That's
a conversation for another day. Lily you wanted to come in.
Yeah, I think we have to think about the data infrastructure,
but we also really importantly need to think about the
organisations that are using the data and I think one of the
things that we've seen in our clients over this last few
months and we've been doing actually a lot of covid response
work as well with various pieces of government and local
government and other public sector organisations and
everything to a degree has been coronavirus response, but I
think the interesting thing is
that actually, you can talk about timely data and having the
accurate data to make decisions with but most organisations are
not set up to be responsive enough to do anything with that
in the time frame that they need to I think that's one of the bigger
challenges that we need to tackle. We can get the
infrastructure in place, but if it still takes two months to
make a decision and make a change within an organization to
respond to that piece, then that's the trickiest thing and at
FutureGov we have this concept of what a 21st century organisation
looks like and responsive is like the top of the list, right?
If you come across a problem, how quickly can you respond to
that and serve the people you need to serve or make the change
you need to make? I think the technical kind of layer of
this is important, but actually the biggest problem is
going to be can we do anything with that data? Even if
we had our perfect infrastructure there, what can
we actually do with that
meaningfully? Can you work at pace? Yeah. Can you make
decisions? I remember standing up when we set up ODI Leeds
I would talk, as I can, for a long time about new
institutions and how they need to be porous and move and how
they develop. And that's really scary for the old institutions
or the existing ones. So how do we make that a friendly change
rather than a scary one?
Yeah, it's change point though about what Lily said is super
important in all this. We could have all of the best data
possible for our cities our towns our places.
And then we would run up
straight away with a legal barrier to making any change. If
you want to remove a bus stop in this country, you need
lawyers, right? Just to remove a bus stop, you need a lot of
them. You need a lot of time and some cities which have removed
bus stops. All they've done is put a little plastic hood over
the bus stop because that way they don't have to go through
the legal process of removing it. And it's the same with
putting in a cycle lane is a big job, and that's really
painful. But just taking one
parking space outside of a bar and putting 4 chairs in it is a
really painful experience in this country. So if
places can't do that, then there is a challenge around the data
that's available. You can have as much data and you could know
the answer, but if the answer is not accessible to you as a place
then you won't be able to make the change. I think there's
probably something else... that's a government restraint on
what we can do, and I think that
probably we'll think about whether we want to change that
or not. There's always a debate to be had. There's another side
of the restraint which I'm quite keen to bring up and wind people
up a little bit about... but
there's a cultural constraint about what we can do with data as
well, and I kind of hinted at it at the start. We don't know
where people walk. In our cities we don't know where people cycle
in our cities. Google knows.
And it's shown us really well that Google knows by publishing
these fantastic mobility report data over the last three
months. So I don't think it's bad that Google knows, but I
think it's embarrassing that we
don't. And if we want to say that we are running a responsive
city or responsive place that looks after the interests of its
people and what they're doing, most citizens would expect that
when decisions were being made, they were being made on the
basis of what was known to be happening. At the moment we don't
have any of that data, and I think we should start thinking
all of us about why we've ended up in a place where only
Google knows where we move.
And as I say, the easy the easy answer. The One I hear too
often is to say, well, Google shouldn't know. So you go from a
stage where one person knows where everyone does and
everyone's moving to stage where no one does. Surely the answer
could be to have multiple people knowing where we are and where
we move, and for us to contribute where we are and when
we move in the hope of improving things. I think that's got to be
something that we work on extra quickly in the next
few years now. I think.
Yeah, just very quickly. I think there are very interesting
issues in there around ethics. Clearly, of course we want to do
the thing that is ethical but also of trust so you know if we
find a situation in which people tend to trust downloading
Facebook or Google apps less controversial than having
governments have access to their data, clearly there is a
question for us that needs to connect you know the purpose
for which we collect the data with the trust we instill in
people. You will remember.
The whole care.data dibacle a few years ago, which was
probably done and it ended with all the good, you know, purposes in
the world. But the lack of communication created, the lack
of trust and the whole thing just collapsed at one point.
So I think there is a bit of worry in government to repeat
situations like that that were seen as a massive failure.
Yeah, I agree. I said on a podcast recently would you
download a bin app written by Dominic Cummings and the reason
I asked the question was because 20% of people in Leeds
download a bin app written by me and I think the reason
that they're willing to do that is because they know me. And
they know Paul, and Amy, and if we do something wrong they can
find us and shout at us and they probably... the only place to find
Dominic Cummings is in small Durham towns, right? So?
It's quite hard to trust that level, so I agree, I think
that the Department for Transport or the Cabinet Office
doing a UK wide national tracking app would probably not
get the kind of engagement they want, but you might be able to
do it at the scale of a city or a community. You might even be
able to do it as an arms length company. So in France, SNCF do
have an app which understands quite a lot about French
mobility and in the Netherlands the over a chip card has quite
a lot of data on mobility and it's separate from
government, so I think it probably does need to be quite
a bit separate from the very center of government.
OK, so we're coming to the end of our session. What I'd like to
finish on are some examples of some positive issues,
positive things we're finding so
Lily if you could start. What do you think is going to happen next
and what should we do next in some positive examples please?
Yeah, so we've had a few really amazing examples that we worked
on in terms of coronavirus response and some of which
haven't been in the transport sphere but I think are really
important to talk about. So we've helped different parts of
the NHS to track where their PPE is for example. Just
creating a process that just didn't exist before. We have
helped local councils to connect individuals up with support that
the council can't offer. So charities and various other local
support groups to help
vulnerable ndividuals get there and I think the the risk
with all of this is that we don't carry on at pace and what
we've done is created amazing things at pace, which is unknown
for public sector. For the most part. But I think there's also
an amazing opportunity here where everyone is talking about
data. They are talking about having the information they need
to make successful decisions, and I think we've all got an
opportunity there as the data community to really help
reinforce that thinking and provide solutions and other
opportunities where we can.
I think as individuals, we each need to lookout for those
opportunities and keep doing things. As organisations though
I wouldn't start from data. My piece of advice would be to
start from the question how do we make decisions right now?
And is it the right way?
Fantastic! Giuseppe? Well, I can just repeat what Lily was saying
about, you know, using data to take decisions, and actually
starting from the user and in transport we have a variety
of users whose needs sometimes are incompatible in a way.
The drivers. The people who use bicycles. People with
accessibility issues and to me clearly being the data person
means trying to understand what are the infrastructure of
datasets first of all and how we form a view of that
infrastructure so that then we
can better analyse the needs of these people. So I think there's
been a lot of energy recently and a lot of people now understand
that that requirement. As you know I'm now working on the
development of NAPTAN, which is historical. Actually, a
relic of the past which was created for a very noble
purpose, providing journey planning and now we've moved on
and we realizing that we have location of bus stops in that
data set which are not compatible with the needs of a
wheelchair user, for example. So the question for us is how do we
improve that piece of infrastructure which is still
used by Open Street Map, Google and other providers to highlight
a bus stop in the map and make sure that that location is
actually suitable to users with different needs. So I think
yeah, that's a lot of chain of thought there from getting user
needs and understanding there's multiple user needs and link
them to the infrastructure.
Fantastic Tom? Can I go to you? Yeah, so in terms of
looking at positive things. I think the UK has quite a
strong history on data in transport and we should
take some time to appreciate how well we do in a lot of areas, so
the number one area, the example that all of us use is any of us
can now go on pretty much any online mapping website and plan
a walking, cycling, driving public transport journey
anywhere in the UK and we will get the correct answer. And
that's not to be taken lightly, right? That doesn't happen in
most of the world. So we do have these great foundations I think
we also have, with Transport for London, we have genuinely
one of the world's best city level organizations that working
with data and integrating it with policy. So we have this
opportunity to learn from
a fantastic place that's done really good work on this and is
also quite open so you can download almost all of TFL'said
data. You can understand the processes. They write, short
blogs that explain what they're doing, so we have that
opportunity and I think probably the third opportunity that we
have is, in terms of active travel, the UK is not
particularly good at active travel, we drive a lot and
if we don't drive we tend to use a train, use a bus.
We do have some places though that are very good at
active travel, so as part of this event we're obviously
talking to one of the world leaders in active travel because
we were working with the Netherlands on this event. But
cities like Cambridge and Oxford to a certain extent
Brighton with walking as well. You would look at them and the
Dutch would feel at home, and I think there's this opportunity
to learn from those places. So learn from our own history, but
learn from our own places on what good looks like and there's
just lots of great things to copy and start with now.
Fantastic, so just to finish up with that.
I don't think I've we've made more progress around sharing and
being open with data in the last three to four months then
we have in the last five years of ODI Leeds being or six years
it's been. And the number of different
organisations have been in touch with those that say, OK, we know
we need to share. The only way we're going to fix this is
to share can you help us? And I think that's what I take out of
the last three to four months is that people have got it and I
don't think they're going to forget that, OK, we do need to
share more. We do need to think about design. Or do
need to think about how this works? But the most important
thing I think is it's almost as if hard infrastructure has woken
up to the web and software
and the way we develop and if we share, doesn't that mean
we just use the web? We don't create something new or we don't
create a new thing or pay for a portal. No, we
actually publish it and you could use a blog post to do
that. But yeah, that's amazing. Well, people to start understand
that. The way in which software and web development is
smashing into hard infrastructure. I think is a
really positive thing. And people are looking for help to
do that. So just to finish off, let me just say thank you to
everybody. If you've got any last points, let me know.
Otherwise we'll finish off from Northernlands 2.
Thank you.
Sponsors
Nothernlands 2 is a collaboration between ODI Leeds and The Kingdom of the Netherlands, the start of activity to create, support, and amplify the cultural links between The Netherlands and the North of England. It is with their generous and vigourous support, and the support of other energetic organisations, that Northernlands can be delivered.